s

Unix
shells:	bourne  $ /bin/sh	Korn $ /bin/ksh	C % /bin/csh	bourne-again (bash) $	root #
file system:	solaris = ufs
login ID's	/etc/passwd	encrypted password /etc/shadow	solaris >6 chars 2+ alpha 1+ numeric	diff from old by 3 chars	. a hidden file
to change password	passwd username newpassword	rt click screen>tools>terminal	alt+f3 window to the back	alt+f9 minimize	alt+f4 close window
last=previous environmnet	default=gnome	failsafe=no startup scripts ran	CDE MAIL: aliases for groups	can't attach multi files	answerbook 2 help manager
man -ks name	name of command	-k keywords	-s section name	in solaris root must run catman -w for -k to work	name -? quick help
info	info info	p previous node	n next node	m modename c cross reference	info docs
hostname	displays hostname	uname -a	expanded system info	arp <hostname>	host name ip address ethernet address
domainname	domain	prtconf | grep Memory	memory useage
ctrl-q screen scroll	crtl-c interupt process	ctrl-d end of file	quit window restart	kill process id	log out and back in again
relative path from pwd	absolute path from top level	$ commands [options] [arguments]	cal	date	clear
ls -aAlFtdRn	-a list all -A list all but no . or ..	-l long -f filetype	-t top order -n numeric ie 666	-d details (dir only)	-R recursive
* represent any character	? match any one single char	[ - ] range of chars	> >> 2> < redirection	| pipe ! command redirection	~ users home
more filename less filename	display contyents of textfile filename	spacebar scroll next screen return scroll one line	b back one screen f forward one screen	h help q quit	/string search for string N next occurrence of string
ctrl-c interrupt process	ctrl-s stop screen output eg from cat	ctrl-q resume screen output	ctrl-d eof	ctrl-u erase the commad line	ctrl-w erase last word ctrl-h erase last char
file filename	determines file type of filename	strings filename	print readable chars in filename	cat	cocatenate
head -n filename[s]	display first n lines of filename	default is 10	tail -n +n filename[s]	-n last n lines in filename the last +n lines starting from line n	avoid *&|""$ in file or directory names
wc -lwcm	wordcount	-l lines	-w words	-c bytes	-m chars
diff -lc file1 file2	compares file1 file2	-l ignore case	-c detailed comparison	cmp	as diff but only if file1 file2 differ
touch filename[s]	create  a new empty file called filename	has rw-rw-rw- 666 permission	mkdir -p directoryname directoryname	make directory[subdirectory]	-p parents
rm -ir	delete files	-i interactive ie confirm deletion	-r recursive ie all child items	aliased to rm -i by default	\rm rm not aliased
rmdir	remove empty directorys	cd	change directory	.. up one level ../.. up two levels
cp -ir	copy files directorys	-i interactive	-r recursive	ln	create a link
mv -i	rename or move a file	-i interactive
stdin	standard input	<  0<	command redirectionsymbol file
stdout	standard output	> 1>
stderr	standard error	2>	eg ls /etc > etc.list	set -o noclobber	prevent overwriting
pipe	|	a metacharacter	command | command	direct output of one command into another command
solaris partitions are slices	0 root 1 swap 2 entire disk 3 usr 4 home	/dev/dsk/controller cn target tn disk dn slice sn	mount: the process of attaching a filesystem to an empty directory	linux: primary partitions are /dev/hda1 2 3 4 first logical partition is /dev/hda5 one partition MUST be /	next disk is hdb scsi drive is sdan
df	show disk usage (solaris)	du -sk	show disk usage (linux)	-s summary	-k kilobytes
find path -expression [action]		find files	-name filename by name	-type filetype by filetype	-perm mode by permission mode
-mtime +n	older by n days	-mtime -n	newer than n days	-size +n larger than n	- size -n smaller than n byteblocks c bytes
-atime +n	accessed before n	-atime -n	accessed after n	-group groupid by group	-user loginid by userid
-exec command {}\;		run the file[s] found	-ok command {}\;	run the file[s] found interactively	-ls print the path
grep[options] string filename		find text string string in file filename n			egrep molre metacharacters
sed [options] [address] filename [>newfile]			stream editor: find/ edit large strings		s search
-n	dont print to screen	p except these lines	'x,y'	display lines x to y	g global
/ /	delimit round char/string to search/ insert		$ append	^ insert	d delete
sort [options] input-filename		-n numeric	-r reverse order	-f fold ie ignore case	+nM by month
-d dictionary ie non ascii		-o output to filename	+n -n begin the sort/ end the sort after n		-kn keyfields sort
vi	command mode		a append A  append at the end of the line	i insert o open new line	ZZ same as qw
	entry mode	inserts appends deletes	x delete char dw delete word ndw dd delete line     ndd replace n words lines	cw change word r replace char u undo previous	yy copy line (yank) p paste below current line P above current line
	last-line mode	saves. use : first	w write	q quit	q! immediate quit
cursor positioning:	$ end of line o origin of line	w forward a word b back a word	j down a line k up a line	spacebar right one return origin of next line	h back one i forward one
		G last line of file :n go to line n	!spell word spell check !command run command	/string search forward for string ?string search backward	n next occurrence N previous
emacs	c-x c-f open a file c-x c-v restart c-x c-s save c-x c-c exit emacs	c-g abort c-h help c-h t tutorial c-h ? see help options	c-v forward a screen tab-v back a screen c-l clear screen tab-x abort emacs	c-a beginning of line c-e end of line c-n next line	c-p previous line c-b back one char c-f forward one char
	directory-user-group-others d             rwx  rwx     rwx	r=4 w=2 x=1	chmod nnn -r filename 777 etc -r recursively	chmod ugoa =-+ filename user group other all	= set - remove + add permission
umask	subtract from numerical permissions			chown new-owner filename	change owner
who, finger	displays users currently logged in			chgrp _R new-group filename	change group
su username	switch user		id	displays current user
who am i	displays current user, ignores su		id -a	displays all users
	lp options filename	-d destination ie not the default printer	-m send mail that the ptint is complete	-n print n copies -o no banner page	linux uses lpr
	lpstat options printer-queue-name		-p display staus of all printers -o outstanding print staus if all print requests -d display default printer		-t tell all -s summary -a accepting
cancel option request-id/userid		in solaris, cancel print jobs		-u user's jobs
fdformat	low level format a floppy	mkfs	make a unix file system on a floppy	mount	mount a drive
umount	unmount a drive
tar [function] modifier output-file filename			compress [options] filename		makes a .Z file
tar	[c] create	f file	uncompress	-v verbose -c content ie view a .Z file	decompresses
	[t] able of contents	v verbose
	[x] extract	k multispan	jar	similar to tar but DOES compress
cpio [options][patterns]		-o to standard output (same as >) -v verbose ie print a list of filenames		-t print a table of contents -p to path ie another directory	-O output file name -i import -I input
	kill (-signal) process-id/%job-id	-15 SIGTERM end properly -9 SIGKILL end abrubtly		pkill solaris	killall linux
jobs	display all background jobs	bg	place a job in the background	fg	place a job in the foreground
stop	suspends a job
at [time-spec][scriptfilename/command]		at 03:00 1 jun 2004 find . -name *.jpg
crontab [mins hrs date mnth day-ofweek] [scriptfilename/command]